draf waktu peksa biology spm 2012


di atas ialah cadangan masa untuk peperiksaan m/p biologi spm 2012...tarikh blom ada. maklumlah draf untuk kali ke-3

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Homeostasis

Homeostasis   is the process of maintaining a constant internal environment despite changing external conditions Ensures that the organs of the body operate within their normal limits thereby working efficiently Based on a   feedback   system Information is sent to a control center which directs the organ to react accordingly Two major control centers: 1.      Brain of the nervous system 2.      Glands of the endocrine system Several factors must be regulated including: 1.      Temperature 2.      Heart rate 3.      Respiratory rate 4.      Blood pressure 5.      Water balance 6.      Blood sugar levels. 7.   Detoxification Activity Organs involved Center of Control Temperature Skin Hypothalamus ...
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The Human Endocrine System

Endocrine gland Main hormone Function Pituitary gland Growth hormone (GH) • Controls growth Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) • Stimulates the reabsorption of water in the kidneys (osmoregulation) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) • Stimulates the formation of egg follicles in the ovary & the formation of sperms in the testes. Luteinising hormone (LH) • Brings about ovulation Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) • Stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine. Endocrine gland Main hormone Function Thyroid gland Thyroxine • Control growth • Controls the rate of metabolism Testis (plural : testes) Androgen • Stimulates the development & maturation of the testes • Controls the development of male secondary sexual characteistics Adrenal gla...
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Hormone

Imej
• Hormone = an organic chemical compound produced by an endocrine gland & is transported by blood to its target organ to obtain a certain response.  An endocrine gland is a ductless gland .  To synthesise & secrete hormones.  The hormones are secreted into the blood stream à reach all parts of the body. à only certain organ will respond ( target organ of the hormone) • Both nervous system & endocrine system are involved in the coordination of body functions. Nervous system – detecting changes in the external environment & obtains relatively quick responses. Some physiological activities occur over a long period of time (menstrual cycle, development of secondary sexual characteristics & growth) à cannot be regulated by nervous system.  • It is necessary to have an endocrine system to regulate them. The ES complements the NS in coordinating body activities.
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